Sure, here are some important questions and answers in Biology that are relevant for the NEET exam in 2024:
1. Question: What is the primary function of the mitochondria?
Answer: The primary function of the mitochondria is to produce energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration.
2. Question: Define osmosis.
Answer: Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.
3. Question: What are the differences between mitosis and meiosis?
Answer: Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell, while meiosis is a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Mitosis is involved in growth, repair, and asexual reproduction, while meiosis is involved in the formation of gametes (sperm and egg cells) and genetic diversity.
4. Question: What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?
Answer: Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur. They are essential for various metabolic processes in cells.
5. Question: Define photosynthesis.
Answer: Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose, using carbon dioxide and water in the presence of chlorophyll.
6. Question: Describe the structure and function of DNA.
Answer: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a double-stranded molecule that contains the genetic information necessary for the growth, development, and functioning of living organisms. It consists of nucleotides composed of a sugar-phosphate backbone and nitrogenous bases (adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine). The function of DNA is to store and transmit genetic information from one generation to the next.
7. Question: What is the role of the circulatory system in the body?
Answer: The circulatory system, consisting of the heart, blood vessels, and blood, transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body. It facilitates gas exchange, nutrient delivery to cells, and removal of metabolic waste.
8. Question: Explain the process of protein synthesis.
Answer: Protein synthesis occurs in two main steps: transcription and translation. During transcription, the DNA sequence of a gene is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) in the nucleus. The mRNA then travels to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis. During translation, the mRNA is read by ribosomes, and transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules deliver amino acids to the ribosome, where they are assembled into a polypeptide chain to form a protein.
9. Question: What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
Answer: Aerobic respiration is a process that occurs in the presence of oxygen and involves the complete oxidation of glucose to produce energy in the form of ATP. It occurs in the mitochondria and is more efficient, producing a larger amount of ATP. Anaerobic respiration, on the other hand, is a process that occurs in the absence of oxygen and involves the partial oxidation of glucose to produce energy in the form of ATP. It occurs in the cytoplasm and is less efficient, producing a smaller amount of ATP.
10. Question: Define homeostasis and provide an example.
Answer: Homeostasis is the ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment. An example of homeostasis is the regulation of body temperature in humans. When body temperature rises, the body responds by sweating to release heat and cool down. When body temperature drops, the body responds by shivering to generate heat and warm up.
These questions cover some fundamental concepts in Biology that are important for the NEET exam. Make sure to thoroughly understand these concepts and practice solving related problems to ace your exam.
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