An Indian by the name of Anna or Arignar Anna was the first non-Congress leader(C.N. Annadurai).
Born: C.N. Annadurai Born on September 15, 1909 in: Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu
Kicked the bucket On: February 3, 1969
Profession: Writer, politician, nationality: Conjeevaram Natarajan Annadurai, an Indian by the name of Anna or Arignar Anna, was the first non-Congress leader and the first Dravidian to become the Chief Minister of the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu. In spite of being brought into the world in a working class family, Annadurai rose to turn into a teacher and writer prior to exchanging into bad-to-the-bone governmental issues. In the wake of working for the Dravidian party, Dravidar Kazhagam, he accumulated his allies and brought forth his own party, Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK). M.G. Ramachandran launched the Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (ADMK) party in his honor in 1972 because of Anna's influence in politics. With his political race as the Central Pastor of Tamil Nadu, Anna rose to outrageous prevalence among common individuals. He is regarded as one of modern India's charismatic and imposing political leaders. Moreover, he acquired popularity as an acclaimed speaker, Tamil and English litterateur, and a phase entertainer.
Childhood C.N. Annadurai was born in Conjeevaram (now Kanchipuram) in Tamil Nadu to Natarajan and Bangaru Ammal. He was brought into the world in a working class weaver family having a place with Sengunta Mudaliar rank. He was raised by his sister Rajamani Ammal. Annadurai completed his formal education at Chennai's Pachaiyappa's High School. However, due to financial issues, he dropped out of school in the middle of his studies and worked as a clerk in the Kanchipuram municipal office to help with the family's finances. He later applied to graduate from Pachaiyappa's College. However, he married Rani in 1930, when he was 21 years old and still a student. After earning his B.A. (Hons) degree in 1934, he went on to earn his M.A. in economics and politics from the same college. For a brief period, he made money as an English educator in Pachaiyappa's Secondary school however left to join news-casting and governmental issues.
Introduction to Politics Annadurai aspired to become a politician. He was greatly influenced by two Communist leaders, M. Singaravelu and C. Basudev, and his deep interest in working to improve the conditions of the poor and downtrodden strengthened his ambition. He was immediately drawn to Periyar E.V. Ramasami upon his first encounter with him in 1934 at a youth conference in Tirupur, Coimbatore District. He continued to publicly commend Periyar as his sole leader even after their split in 1949, when he founded his own party, the DMK. In 1935, he became a member of the Justice Party, which was founded in 1917 by non-Brahmin elites. Periyar E.V. Ramasami was the party's president when he joined. Annadurai was a subeditor for the party's magazine. After its defeat by the Indian National Congress in 1937, the party remained in power until that year. After that, Annadurai became the editor of Viduthalai, which in English means freedom, and even worked for the Tamil weekly paper "Kudi Arusu." He started "Dravida Nadu," his own Tamil journal, in 1942. In 1944, Periyar changed the Justice Party's name to Dravidar Kazhagam and gave up running for office.
Establishment of DMK During India's struggle for independence, the Indian National Congress, led by Brahmins, ruled the movement. Periyar feared that Brahmins and North Indians would form a government in independent India as a result. Periyar objected to the move and declared August 15 a day of mourning as a result. As a result, Periyar observed opposition from his backers and realized that the demand for independence from British rule was a national, not Aryan North-specific, cause. Annadurai and Periyar began a cold war as a result. Furthermore, Annadurai walked out of the meeting in 1948 when Periyar refused to participate in democratic elections. Periyar's union with Maniammai, who was 40 years more youthful than him, caused the last fracture among him and Annadurai, who, thusly, left his party and brought forth his own party known as Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) in 1949, in organization with Periyar's nephew, E.V.K. Sampath. The DMK initially focused on urban centers and the surrounding areas. However, as the party shifted its focus to the urban lower, lower middle, working classes, students, Dalits, and lower castes, the party gained rapid recognition and a lot of support.
Dravida Nadu Annadurai supported Dravida Kazhagam's decision to establish an independent state under the name Dravida Nadu while working for "Dravida Nadu" under Periyar. This thought persisted even during the early days of DMK. Sampath, who had joined Annadurai after leaving Periyar, was still opposed to the fact and thought this demand was an unreasonable goal. Afterward, when Annadurai acknowledged film stars in his party, Sampath endured contrasts among him and different pioneers supporting the Dravida Nadu, and subsequently, passed on DMK to frame his own party, the Tamil Patriot Party in 1961. Annadurai and his party changed their call for Dravida Nadu to independent Tamil Nadu for Tamil-speaking regions when the Indian government separated the Kannada, Telugu, and Malayalam-speaking regions from the Madras Presidency. However, when the Sixteenth Amendment was ratified, which forbade any political party from running for office; Despite being a member of the Indian Parliament, Annadurai was unable to prevent the amendment from being approved.
Protests Throughout his political career, Annadurai was actively involved in a variety of protests in addition to advocating for the establishment of a distinct Tamil-speaking region. Since Hindi was the primary language spoken by North Indians, politicians and residents of Tamil Nadu strongly opposed Motilal Nehru's 1928 proposal to make Hindi the official language, fearing that they would be treated as second-class citizens. This was only the start as the Congress party headed by C. Rajagopalachari in Madras Administration proposed the utilization of Hindi as a mandatory language in schools in 1938. This was strongly opposed by Tamil leaders, including poet Bharathidasan and Tamil leader Annadurai, who staged demonstrations against the cause. He even took part in the main Enemy of Hindi burden gathering that was held in Kanchipuram on February 27, 1938. In 1940, the Madras Presidency withdrew from the cause due to overwhelming opposition and no positive response.
The Hindi language was granted official status in 1965, 15 years after India became a republic in 1950. The Tamils, as was to be expected, refused to accept this. Accordingly, Annadurai coordinated an outside gathering against Hindi burden at Kodambakkam in Chennai in August 1960. Jawaharlal Nehru made sure that English would be the official language of India as long as non-Hindi speakers wanted it to be because of the growing opposition. However, Annadurai declared January 26, 1955, the 15th Republic Day of India, as the day of mourning when the constitution remained unchanged in 1965. He supplanted the dissent mottos with "Down with Hindi; The Republic shall continue." However the dissent at first broke out in Madurai, it spread all through the state in no time. With viciousness expanding to its level, Annadurai requested that the understudies cancel the dissent, however DMK pioneers like Karunanidhi proceeded with the savagery. Annadurai was even captured for instigating the fomentation. However DMK was not by and by liable for prompting the tumult, it was because of this that DMK won the decisions in 1967 with Annadurai turning into the Main Pastor of Madras State.
Residency as a Main Clergyman
In 1967 races, the resistance prevailed upon nine states Congress, yet Madras was the main state where a solitary non-Congress party accomplished larger part. Annadurai turned into the Central Clergyman of Madras in February 1967 and sanctioned confidence relationships wherein one didn't need a Brahmin to direct with the wedding function. Confidence marriage was a thought conceptualized by Periyar, who considered ordinary relationships as a reason for paying off endowment. It was during Annadurai's residency as the Main Priest that the Madras State was renamed as Tamil Nadu. He even introduced the two-language policy in opposition to the three-language formula in Kerala, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh. On January 3, 1968, he organized the Second World Tamil Conference. The government issued a commemorative stamp to commemorate the conference, but Annadurai demanded that it be printed in Tamil. He gave a request to eliminate all photos of divine beings and strict images from public workplaces and structures. He became the first non-American to receive the Chubb Fellowship during his visit to Yale University in April and May 1968. He received an honorary doctorate from Annamalai University later that same year.
Career in Literature In addition to his political career, Annadurai was heavily involved in writing and filmmaking. When it came to his writing career, he was considered one of the best Tamil speakers of his time. He was able to create a distinctive style through both his spoken and written language. He wrote a few books, brief tales, and plays that rotated around governmental issues. He performed in some of his own plays while he was working for Dravidar Kazhagam. Annavin Sattasabai Sorpolivukal (Anna's speeches to the state legislature in 1960), Ilatchiya varalaru (History of Principles, 1948), Valkkaip puyal (Storm of Life, 1948), Rankon rata (Radha from Rangon), Kambarasam, Kapothipura kathal (Love in the city of Blind), Parvathy B.A., Kalinga Rani (Qu
Career in Film Annadurai also wrote for films. His first film, "Nallathambi" (Good Brother), was released in 1948 and starred N.S. Krishnan. It was about cooperative farming and the end of the zamindari system. He procured Rs. 12,000 from this task, a huge sum around then. Both "Velaikaari" (Servant Maid, 1949) and "Or Iravu," his novels, were made into films. He was supported by numerous stage and film stars, including D.V. Narayanaswamy, K.R. Ramasamy, N.S. Krishnan, S.S. Rajendran, Sivaji Ganesan, and M.G. Ramachandran, during his film career. Panathottam (1963), Valiba virundhu (1967), Kumarikottam (1971), Rajapart Rangadurai (1973), and Needhi devan mayakkam (1973) are some of his other works that were made into movies with the same name.
Death On February 3, 1969, Annadurai passed away after only two years as the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu. However he was experiencing malignant growth, he figured out how to keep himself in a sound condition. It was his tobacco biting propensity that had prompted the deteriorating of his condition. According to The Guinness Book of Records, his funeral was attended by 15 million people, the most people ever. His body was buried at Marina Beach's northern end, in what is now Anna Square.
Legacy In 1972, when actor M.G. Ramachandran caused the DMK to split, the rebel faction formed another party and gave it the name All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK). Anna Nagar is the name of a residential area in Chennai that is named after Annadurai. In addition, Annadurai was given the name of the 1978-founded Anna University, which provides advanced education in engineering, technology, and applied sciences. The current DMK headquarters, which was constructed in 1987, bears the name Anna Arivalayam as a memorial to Annadurai. In his honor, Anna Salai was renamed Mount Road, a major road in Chennai, and a statue was also erected there. Annadurai was recorded as one of the "Main 100 individuals who formed India by thought, activity, workmanship, culture, and soul" by India Today magazine. In honor of Annadurai, the Anna Centenary Library was established in Chennai in 2010.
Notable Films Nallathambi, 1949 Velaikaari, 1949 Or Iravu, 1951 Rangoon Radha, 1956 Panathottam, 1963) Valiba virundhu, 1967 Kumarikottam, 1971 Rajapart Rangadurai, 1973 Needhi devan mayakkam, 1982 Timeline 1909: In 1930, he was born in Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu: Hitched Rani
1934: earned a bachelor's degree from Chennai's Pachaiyappa's College in 1935: Joined Equity Party
1938: Taken part in the primary Enemy of Hindi burden meeting in Kanchipuram
1944: Equity Party was renamed as Dravidar Kazhagam
1948: Made their first film, "Nallathambi," in 1949: Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) was founded in 1962: Chosen for Rajya Sabha
1965: In opposition to Hindi becoming the official language in 1967: 1968 election as Madras Presidency Chief Minister: Received the Yale University Chubb Fellowship in 1969: In 1969, the state of Madras was renamed Tamil Nadu: aged 59, died on February 3 in Chennai: In 1978, the ADMK (Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam) was established: In 1987, Anna University was established in his honor: Anna Arivalayam, the DMK's main office, was built in 2010: The Chennai-based Anna Centenary Library was established.
Important frequently asked questions:-
Who was C.N. Annadurai?
Conjeevaram Natarajan Annadurai, prevalently known as Anna, otherwise called Arignar Anna or Perarignar Anna, was an Indian Tamil lawmaker who filled in as the fourth and last Boss Pastor of Madras State from 1967 until 1969 and first Boss Priest of Tamil Nadu for 20 days before his passing.
Which rank was Annadurai?
Annadurai was born into a lower-middle-class Tamil Sengunthar family on September 15, 1909, in Conjeevaram, Madras Presidency. His mother was Bangaru Ammal, and his father, Natarajan Mudaliar, was a weaver. Rajamani Ammal, her sister, raised him.
